Add exercises

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Alex Hirsch 2020-10-06 12:34:06 +02:00
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- Unnecessary waste of time or space (memory leaks) - Unnecessary waste of time or space (memory leaks)
- … - …
## Exercises
While the previous iterations of this course leveraged weekly exercise sheets, this one does not.
However, I would like to keep these exercises around as they support the lecture and explore certain auxiliary topics relevant to C++.
You are encouraged to solve (or at least think about) these exercises and participate in the discussions during the stream.
You will not submit a solution as these exercises are optional, but feel free to ask questions when running into problems.
The [`exercises`](exercises) folder will be updated throughout the semester.
## C++ Related Questions ## C++ Related Questions
Break code specific questions down to a minimal example. Break code specific questions down to a minimal example.

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exercises/README.md Normal file
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# Exercises
## Task 01
Install G++ and Clang, then compile the provided file [`hello.cpp`](task01/hello.cpp).
Use the following flags when compiling:
-std=c++17 -Wall -Wextra -O2
Next, set up [Boost](http://www.boost.org/) on your system and compile the provided file [`hello_boost.cpp`](task01/hello_boost.cpp).
Boost is quite common and provides you a set of useful C++ libraries.
Some of its content is even promoted into the C++ standard library.
## Task 02
Run Clang on the provided file [`vec.cpp`](task02/vec.cpp) using the following command:
clang -std=c++17 -Xclang -ast-dump -fsyntax-only -Wno-vexing-parse vec.cpp
Clang will parse the input file and display its abstract syntax tree (AST).
In the bottom half of the output you'll find the function declaration of `main` followed by its `CompoundStmt`.
Take a close look at its children and compare the resulting AST with the input code.
Notice any oddities — something that looks counter intuitive?
As you can see, there are multiple different ways of initialisation in C++.
Check out the [corresponding section at cppreference](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/initialization).
## Task 03
The directory [`task03`](task03) hosts four subdirectories, `libFoo`, `libBar`, `libBaz`, and `app`.
Each folder prefixed with `lib` represents a library and contains a header plus a source file.
Furthermore, the library `libBaz.so` depends on `libBar.so`.
`app` contains a single source file providing a `main` function.
It depends on all three libraries.
![Dependency Graph](images/task03_dependencies.png)
- Model this project structure using [CMake](https://cmake.org/)
- Be sure to set the C++ standard to C++17 and enable warnings (`-Wall -Wextra`)
- The default build type should be *Release*
CMake itself is a build system generator.
You can choose from a variety of target build systems.

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digraph {
node [shape=box style=filled fillcolor=lightblue fontname="Roboto Mono" fontsize=12 ];
edge [style=dashed arrowhead=onormal];
app;
foo [label="libFoo.so"];
bar [label="libBar.so"];
baz [label="libBaz.so"];
app -> foo;
app -> bar;
app -> baz;
baz -> bar;
}

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#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::cout << "Hello World" << std::endl;
}

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#include <iostream>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
int main()
{
std::string s = "foo bar";
boost::replace_all(s, "foo", "Hello");
boost::replace_all(s, "bar", "World");
std::cout << s << std::endl;
}

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exercises/task02/vec.cpp Normal file
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class Vec3 {
public:
Vec3() = default;
Vec3(int x, int y, int z) : x(x), y(y), z(z) {}
private:
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int z = 0;
};
int main()
{
Vec3 v0;
Vec3 v1();
Vec3 v2(1, 2, 3);
Vec3 v3{1, 2, 3};
Vec3 v4 = {1, 2, 3};
auto v5 = Vec3{};
auto v6 = Vec3(1, 2, 3);
auto v7 = Vec3{1, 2, 3};
}

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#include "bar.hpp"
#include "baz.hpp"
#include "foo.hpp"
int main()
{
foo();
bar();
baz();
}

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#include "bar.hpp"
#include <iostream>
void bar()
{
std::cout << "Function bar called" << std::endl;
}

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#ifndef UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_BAR_HPP
#define UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_BAR_HPP
void bar();
#endif // UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_BAR_HPP

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#include "baz.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include "bar.hpp"
void baz()
{
bar();
std::cout << "Function baz called" << std::endl;
}

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#ifndef UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_BAZ_HPP
#define UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_BAZ_HPP
void baz();
#endif // UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_BAZ_HPP

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#include "foo.hpp"
#include <iostream>
void foo()
{
std::cout << "Function foo called" << std::endl;
}

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#ifndef UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_FOO_HPP
#define UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_FOO_HPP
void foo();
#endif // UIBK_703807_EX01_TASK3_FOO_HPP